白斑狗鱼和黑斑狗鱼遗传关系初步研究

Preliminary study on the genetic relationship between white spot pike Esox Indus and black spot pike Esox reicherti

运用RAPD技术,研究了分布于额尔齐斯河流域的白斑狗鱼(Esox lucius)和黑龙江流域的黑斑狗鱼(Esox reicherti)的遗传关系。结果表明:(1)运用筛选的34个有效引物,在自斑狗鱼群体内共扩增出谱带257条,其中多态性带130条,平均每个引物扩增谱带7.56条,多态座位比例为50.58％;在黑斑狗鱼群体内共扩增出谱带267条,其中多态性带135条,平均每个引物扩增谱带7.85条,多态座位比例为50.56％。两种狗鱼间多态座位比例差异不显著(P>0.05)。(2)引物S68在黑斑狗鱼群体内扩增出1943bp单态片段,但在白斑狗鱼群体内没有出现,故认为引物S68扩增的1943bp片段可作为区别这两种狗鱼的遗传标记。(3)在两种狗鱼间,遗传相似度是0.8090,遗传距离是0.0125;在种内个体间,遗传相似度白斑狗鱼是0.8171,黑斑狗鱼是0.8213,遗传距离分别是0.1829和0.1787,香农氏遗传多样性指数分别是0.1236和0.1241,三个指标的种间差异均不显著(P>0.05)。

Genetic relationship between white spot pike (Esox lucius) in Eltrix River and black spot pike (Esox reicherti) in Helongjiang River in China was studied by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique. (1) Using 34 effective primers, in white spot pike population, totally 257 bands were obtained, in which 130 bands were polymorphic, average bands per primer was 7.56, the percentage of polymorphic loci was 50.58% . In black spot pike population, totally 267 bands were obtained, in which 135 bands were polymorphic, average bands per primer was 7.85, the percentage of polymorphic loci was 50.56%. There was no significant difference between these two pikes in the percentage of polymorphic loci (P > 0.05). (2) Primer S68 produced a monombrphic band with molecular weight 1943bp in black spot pike population, but not in white spot pike -population. Therefore, 1943bp of S68 could be considered as a genetic marker to distinguish these two pikes. (3) Between the two species of pike, genetic similarity, genetic distance was 0.8090 and 0.0125 respectively. Within species, the genetic similarity for the white spot pike was 0.8171, black spot pike was 0.8213; the genetic distance for the white spot pike was 0.1829, far black spot pike was 0.1787; the Shannon' 8 index of genetic diversity for the white spot pike was 0.1236, for black spot pike was 0.1241, and there was no significant difference between these two pikes in above 3 indexes.