淡水鱼鱼皮胶原蛋白的提取

Isolation of collagen from freshwater fish skin

研究了用有机酸(醋酸、柠檬酸、乳酸)对几种主要的淡水鱼,鲢(Hypophthalmichthys molitrix)、鳙(Aristichthys nobdis)、草鱼(Glenopharyngodon idellus)鱼皮胶原蛋白进行提取。研究发现,鲢、鳙、草鱼鱼皮的蛋白质含量分别约为25.9％、23.6％、29.8％,羟脯氨酸含量分别为1.8％、1.9％、2.3％。结果表明,鲢、鳙鱼皮经2.5％NaCI溶液(1:10),草鱼鱼皮经5％NaCl溶液(1:10),温度5℃左右,12h磁力搅拌处理两次,除去的可溶性杂蛋白分别占原总蛋白的5.9％、6.7％、9.1％。鱼皮再经加酸(1:30)溶胀、均质处理后,即可得到鱼皮胶原蛋白的粗提取液,鲢、草鱼鱼皮的酸提取回收率以醋酸为最高,分别为78.9％、84.1％,鳙鱼皮以柠檬酸为最高,约为82.0％。粗提液再经抽滤、盐析、透析,最后经冷冻干燥,可得到纯度较高的胶原蛋白制品。三种鱼皮胶原蛋白制品的色泽洁白程度以草鱼的为最好,鲢和鳙略差些。

This paper has studied the isoladon of collagen from skin of three major freshwater fishes, silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix), bighead carp ( Aristichthys nobilis ) and grass carp ( Clenopharyngodon idellus) by organic acid (acetic acid, citric acid and lactic acid ). Skin of silver carp, bighead carp and grass carp have been found to contain 25.9 % , 23.6 % , 29.8 % protein, and 1.8%, 1.9%, 2.3 % hydroxyproline, respectively. It was established that, the fish skin was stirred two times with 2.5% or 5 % NaCl solution at a ratio of material to solvent of 1:10 at about 5℃ for 12h, about 5.9%,6.7%,9.1% soluble non-collagenous protein could been separated from skin of silver carp, bighead carp and grass carp, then by homogenizing with acid at a ratio of material to solvent of 1:30, about 78.9 % , 84.1 % , 82.0 % of collagen from skin of silver carp, grass carp and bighead carp could be extracted by acetic acid or citric acid. The extract was purified further by vacuum filtering, salting-out, dialyzing and lyophilizing. Among the collagen preparations from these three kinds of fish skin, the whiteness was highest for collagen preparation obtained from skin of grass skin, next from skin of silver carp and bighead carp.