论五四新文化运动时期陈独秀对战争认识的嬗变

On Evolution of Chen Du-xiu's Cognition about the War during the Period of the May 4th New Culture Movement

陈独秀在五四新文化运动时期实现了由民主主义者向马克思主义者的转变,这从其对战争问题认识的嬗变中可窥见一斑。他对战争根源的剖析、"一战"性质的判别,以及对待战争态度的确定,分别经历着由人性恶到帝国主义、由公理与强权之争到帝国主义战争,以及由支持参加世界大战到主张尽力于国内阶级战争的认识演变历程。这是其接受马克思主义后知识学背景发生变化,实现由启蒙话语转换为阶级革命话语的必然结果。

During the period of the May 4th New Culture Movement,Chen Du-xiu changed from a follower of old democracy to a Marxist.We can get a glimpse from his understanding of the issue of war.He regarded the source of war as from bad human nature to imperialism,the nature of the First World War as from war between axiom and power to imperialist war,the attitude of war as from taking part in the First World War to replacing the world war by civil war. The most important reason why he had so much drastic change was that his background of knowledge and words had changed a lot because of accepting the Marxist,it is inevitable result his realizing the transformation from discourse of enlightenment into revolutionary discourse.