“看起来”与“看上去”、“看来”差异浅析——兼论趋向短语的语法化

On the Differences of "Kan Qi Lai","Kan Shang Qu" and "Kan Lai"——Discussing the Grammaticalization of the Verb-direction Structure

"看起来"、"看上去"和"看来"都可以表示一种主观判断,三者有时可以互换,有时不能互换,这是由三者的语义侧重点不同决定的。"看上去"更倾向于表象观察的结果,更多地体现出某种评价意义;而"看来"更倾向于逻辑推理的结果,更多地体现出某种推测意义;"看起来"则居于二者之间,既可表推测,也可表评价。

'Kan Qi Lai','Kan Shang Qu' and 'Kan Lai' can all express one kind of subjective judgement,sometimes they can exchange,sometimes can't,which results from their different semantic emphasis point.'Kan Shang Qu' more likely to manifests representation observational results,and embodies some evaluation significance;'Kan Lai'more likely to manifests logical reasoning results,and embodies some presumed significance;while'Kan Qi Lai'is between 'Kan Shang Qu' and 'Kan Lai',and can manifest both presumed significance and evaluation significance.