老年脑卒中患者并发医院获得性肺炎184例临床分析

Clinical Analysis of 184 Old Cases of Nosocmial Pneumonia Induced by Acute Stroke

目的:探讨老年脑卒中患者并发医院获得性肺炎的易发因素、预后分析、致病菌的构成情况以及防治措施。方法:回顾性分析老年脑卒中并发医院获得性肺炎184例患者的临床资料。结果:(1)卒中类型、慢性基础性疾病、吞咽障碍是常见容易并发肺炎的因素;(2)未合并肺部感染的老年脑卒中患者死亡率低(P<0.05);(3)大肠埃希氏菌是老年脑卒中患者并发肺炎最主要的致病菌。结论:对老年脑卒中患者加强医疗护理措施,加强医院感染的管理,提高老年脑卒中并发肺炎的预见性,积极控制肺炎有利于降低本病的死亡率。

Objective: To investigate clinical and bacteriological characteristic of nosocmial pneumonia induced by stroke, and to improve the preventative and therapeutic measure. Methods: The clinical data of 184 old patients with nosocmial pneumonia induced by acute stroke were analyzed respectively. Results:(1)The type of stroke, elder age, chronic disease and deglutition block were the dangerous factors which induce nosocmial pneumonia in old patients with acute stroke. (2)There was a lower mortality rate in patients without pneumonic infection than in patients with it (P < 0.05). (3)The major pathogen of nosocmial pneumonia induced by acute stroke is Escherichia coli origin. Conclusions: The measures improving the outcome of acute stroke include the enhancement of nursing quality, prevention of cross infection in hospital, increasing predictability of the occurrence of pneumonia induced by acute stroke, and the control of pneumonia.