作为历史形态的物的秩序——对福柯《词与物》的一种读解

The Things' Orders as Historical Forms——A Kind of Understanding to Foucault's Humanity Science Archaeology

福柯在《癫狂和文明》中分析历史生成中的"异",人的理性对非理性的一种禁闭和塑造史;福柯在《词与物》中主要分析历史的"同",考古学探求词与物的关系的历史,词是物的表象,寻求物的秩序就是寻求词表象物时秩序的同一性。福柯在《词与物》中运用的是现象学的框架结构,福柯提出了一个现象学的又是考古学的概念"认识型"(l’épistémè),福柯将现象学建立在尼采的革命性的透视主义之上,这样就产生了一种空间的、静止的外观,将时间放在了隐蔽之处。

Foucault thought the 'difference' in the historical production in The Crazy History in Classical Time,human's rationality had one kind of confinement mold to the non-rational history.Foucault mainly thought the 'identity' in the history in Word and Thing,the archaeology looked for the relations between word and the thing in the history.Foucault utilized the phenomenology frame construction in Word and Thing,Foucault proposed a phenomenology and archaeology concept 'the understanding'(l'épistémè),Foucault utilized the phenomenology above Nietzsche's revolutionary perspective principle.The archaeology had one kind of spatial static appearance,had placed time in the hiding place.