我国栽培食用菌的重金属调查

Survey on Heavy Metals Contents of Cultivated Edible Fungi in China

测定双孢蘑菇、巴西蘑菇、茶树菇、黑木耳、鸡腿菇、金针菇、香菇、金顶侧耳、杏鲍菇、平菇、银耳11种食用菌的175个干样品中的砷(As)、镉(Cd)、汞(Hg)、铅(Pb)的含量。结果表明,11种食用菌干品中,砷含量范围为0.02mg·kg-1～0.78mg·kg-1;镉含量范围为0.02mg·kg-1～1.949mg·kg-1;汞含量范围为未检出～0.654mg·kg-1;铅含量范围为0.040mg·kg-1～3.217mg·kg-1。我国栽培食用菌中镉、汞、铅含量比较安全,双孢蘑菇中汞含量高与黑木耳中铅含量高具有地域特性。

175 dry samples of 11 kinds of cultivated edible fungi, i.e. Agaricus bisporus, Agaricus blaze, Agrocybe cylindracea, Auricularia auricular, Coprinus comatus, Flammulina velutipes, Lentinula edodes, Pleurotus citrinopileatus, Pleurotus eryngii, Pleurotus spp., Tremella fuciformis were collected from 31 counties. Contents of As, Cd, Hg and Pb of these samples were analyzed. It shows that contents of As were 0.02 mg·kg-1~0.78 mg·kg-1, and the maximum one and the minimum one were Agaricus blaze, Tremella fuciformis. Contents of Cd were 0.015 mg·kg-1~1.949 mg·kg-1, the maximum one and the minimum one were Agaricus blaze, Agrocybe cylindracea. Contents of Hg were 0~0.654 mg·kg-1, the maximum one and the minimum one were Agaricus blaze, Tremella fuciformis. Contents of Pb were 0.040 mg·kg-1~3.217 mg·kg-1, the maximum one and the minimum one were Auricularia auricular, Pleurotus citrinopileatus. Contents of As, Cd, Hg, Pb in cultivated edible fungi were safe, while high contents of Hg in Agaricus bisporus and Pb in Auricularia auricular related to the locations where samples grew.