三维有序大孔氧化物催化剂的制备及应用

Preparation and application of three-dimensionally ordered macroporous oxides

三维有序大孔氧化物具有均匀有序的大孔孔道、较高的孔容以及骨架组成的多样性等。主要介绍了三维有序大孔氧化物的结构、制备过程及应用进展。详细阐述了单分散微球的制备及改性、胶体晶体模板的制备、前驱体的制备及填充以及胶体晶体模板的去除。简单综述了近年来三维有序大孔氧化物在环境催化、石油化工、光催化及生物催化领域的应用研究,并对未来三维有序大孔氧化物的发展做了总结和展望。

Three-dimensionally ordered macroporous (3DOM) oxides have unique properties,such as uniform and ordered macropores,high pore volume and multiformity in skeletal composition,have found wide use in catalysis,photonic crystals,filtration separation,and electrode material.The structure of 3DOM oxides,colloidal crystal template approach for preparing 3DOM oxides and promising applications of 3DOM oxides were reviewed,especially preparation and modification of monodispersed colloidal spheres,preparation of colloidal crystal template,and preparation and infiltration of the precursors and removal of the template.Applications of 3DOM oxides in environmental catalysis,petrochemical technology, photocatalysis and biocatalysis were outlined.