眶上裂及其周围结构的显微解剖和手术学意义

Microsurgical Anatomy and Operative Significances of Superior Orbit Fissure and Adjacent Structures

目的研究眶上裂及其周围结构的显微解剖,并分析其手术学意义,以期为相关手术入路、病理解剖和影像学研究提供显微解剖学资料。方法利用8具经福尔马林固定的成人头颅湿标本和5具成人头颅干标本,在显微镜下对眶上裂及其周围的骨性结构、硬膜结构、韧带、神经和血管进行解剖,并进行多角度观察、拍摄和描述。结果眶上裂的空间分成外侧部、中间部和下部;动眼神经、滑车神经、展神经、眼神经和眼上静脉从眶上裂的外侧部或中间部穿过;神经血管与软组织共同封闭眶上裂;眶上裂外侧韧带和直肌间韧带是重要的解剖标志。结论只有经过精细的显微解剖操作和观察才能全面掌握眶上裂及其周围结构的解剖知识,进而有助于临床手术操作。

Objective To study the microsurgical anatomy and operative significances of superior orbital fissure and adjacent structures. Methods Eight adult formalin-fixed cadaver specimens and five dry skull specimens were examined.The bony structures and soft tissues of superior orbital fissure and adjacent regions were dissected and examined on both sides of each specimen under surgical microscope. Results Superior orbital fissure can be divided into three sectors: lateral,central and inferior.Oculomotor nerve,troc...