“语同音”与人权保障——对宪法“国家推广全国通用的普通话”条款的法理思考

"Language Unity" and the Safeguard of Human Rights——Legal analysis of the clause of "popularizing Putonghua nationwide"

语言权是一项基本的人权。我国宪法中"国家推广全国通用的普通话"条款蕴含着我国不存在法定的官方语言,各民族语言一律平等;该条款属于政策性条款,国家采取鼓励的手段,以达到推广普通话,便利经济、文化发展及人们相互之间交流的目的;学习和使用普通话是公民的一项权利而非义务等极为丰富的内容。实践中对普通话作强制性要求的某些做法,有侵犯公民语言权、工作权等权利之嫌。因此,有必要对对普通话作强制性要求的做法确立违宪审查的标准。

Language using is one of the basic human rights.The clause of "popularizing Putonghua nationwide" in the Constitution of China indicates that there is no official language and each ethnic language shares equal status.China's government has taken measures to encourage the popularization so as to reach the aim of booming economic and cultural development as well as enhancing people's communication.It is clear that the clause is a policy and citizen's learning and using Putonghua is a right rather than an obli...