三峡水库大宁河库湾水环境的时空变化特征

Temporal and Spatial Variation of Water Environment in Daning Bay of the Three Gorges Reservoir

为阐明三峡水库大宁河库湾水平和垂直分布的空间水环境特征及其季节变化规律,2008年对库湾的水环境因子特征进行了周年调查研究。结果显示大宁河库湾水环境因子均受季节气候影响,季节变化是影响库湾水环境因子时空变化的首要因素,各月的水温、电导率、溶解氧、透明度、pH差异极显著(P<0.01),浊度、总氮、总磷差异显著(P<0.05);空间水平分布(库湾纵向)上电导率差异显著(P<0.05),浊度差异极显著(P<0.01),其他差异不显著(P>0.05);空间垂直分布(库湾垂向)上水温、溶解氧、浊度、总磷差异极显著(P<0.01),pH差异显著(P<0.05),电导率、总氮差异不显著(P>0.05)。大宁河库湾水位受三峡大坝水利调度的直接影响,枯水期与丰水期反季节变化。水位变化是影响库湾水环境因子变化的另一因素,水位降低使水平分布的电导率差异增大,浊度升高,透明度、总氮、总磷下降。水位升高使水平分布的温度差异减小,pH、溶解氧、透明度升高,浊度下降。水利调度期间加快了水体的交换程度,可以略微改善水质,抑制水华的发生。定期进行水位调整可改善库湾水环境因子。

The water environment factors of Daning Bay were surveyed monthly in 2008 to illustrate horizontal and vertical distribution characters of water environment and the seasonal variation of the bay.The results showed that water environment factors of the Daning Bay were affected by seasonal climate,and the seasonal changes were the primary reason of the water environment factor in temporal and spatial variation.Water temperature,conductivity,dissolved oxygen,transparency and pH showed very significant differen...