《巴塞尔公约》与危险废物越境转移的责任

Liability of the Trans - boundary Movements of Hazardous wastes and "Basel Convention

1980年《巴塞尔公约》没有具体规定危险废物越境转移的责任条款,实际上,只要出现了可归因于国家的违背国际义务的非法越境转移有害废物的行为,出口国就应承担国际责任。损害后果大小和国家是否有故意或过失,只是国际不当行为的情节问题而言。就危险废物越境转移的国际责任而言,应从公平原则出发,其赔偿额不仅应包括进口国及其国民所受的生命和财产等直接损失,也应当包括环境方面的间接损失,并且在计算间接损失时。还应充分考虑环境损害的长远性。

There is no particular clause concerning with the liability of the trans-boundary movements of hazardous wastes in < Basel Convention 1980 > . But in fact, the states of export shall bear international liability if there exist illegal trans-boundary movements of hazardous wastes that can attribute to the states of export. How serious the damage is, and whether there exist malicious or negligence, both are the aspects of the international wrongfully acts. According to the principal of equity, the compensation of the damage resulting from the trans - boundary movements of hazardous wastes shall include the direct loss of nationalities' life and property as well as the indirect loss of environment . Also, we shall pay more attention to the persistence of the environmental damage.