美国人权外交析论

An Analysis of the US "Human Right" Diplomacy

人权是当代国际关系中的一个重要内容。美国作为这一政策的积极制订者和实行者 ,在人权外交的理论和行动方面都具有特殊的影响 ,特别是在当前国际政治波谲云诡 ,错综复杂 ,“人权高于主权” ,“人道主义干预”的论调甚嚣尘上的形势下 ,这就需要我们对人权外交的本质和现实有一个清醒全面的认识 ,而美国的政策恰好提供了一个典型范例。因此本文从回顾人权观念及其在外交政策中运用的历程入手 ,剖析美国人权外交政策的社会性和制度性基础 ,揭示美国人权外交政策的演变动态 。

Human right is an important part of the current international relations. As an active maker and executor of this policy, the United States has its special influence on theory and practice of “human right' diplomacy. Nowadays, the international political situation is extremely complicated. Arguments that “human right is above sovereignty' and “humanitarian interference' have caused a great clamor. People should be sober-minded about the nature and reality of the “human right' diplomacy. The US policy offers a typical model. This paper starts from the concept of “human right' and its history of being used in policies concerning foreign affairs, analyses the social and system basis of the US “human right' diplomacy, reveals its general picture and tendency.