潮汐河口水库型饮用水水源地保护区划分技术方法

DELINEATION METHOD OF SOURCE PROTECTION ZONES FOR TIDAL ESTUARY RESERVOIR

长江口作为上海重要水源地,至今还没有依法划定水源保护区。目前国内的饮用水水源地保护区划分技术方法在潮汐河口水域应用时存在科学性差、适用性不强等问题。对国内外饮用水水源地保护区的划分方法进行了调研;研究了河口潮汐往复流特征、水污染排放、水环境特点,明确了河口水源库水质净化和防范突发污染事故风险的要求,提出了充分利用水库库区自净能力的划分原则和应用污染物最大流动距离法划分潮汐河口水库型水源地二级水源保护范围的技术方法。以氨氮作为特征因子分析水库的自净能力,认为库区作为一级保护区可以承担二级保护区的水质净化功能。以99%保证率的涨落潮流速并考虑季风的影响计算得到最大流动距离,并以此确定了青草沙水库的二级保护区范围上下游和横向边界范围。研究表明该方法概念清晰,简单实用,可靠性强。

The Yangtze Estuary is the most important drinking water source in Shanghai.However,the water source protection zone has not been delineated.At present,the domestic delineation methods of source protection zones have some disadvantages such as less scientific and less applicable,when it is used for source reservoir in tidal estuary.In this paper,reviews on the delineation methods of source protection zones were made.The characteristics of tidal estuary such as to-and-for flow,susceptibility the accidental s...