施肥量与氮肥基追比对西农979产量和品质的效应

Effects of Fertilizer Rates and Nitrogen Ratios of Base and Topdressing on Grain Yield and Quality of Wheat Cultivar Xinong 979

为给小麦品种西农979的优质高产栽培提供理论依据,在高、中两种施肥量(高肥:每公顷施纯氮270kg、P2O5225 kg、K2O 120 kg;中肥:每公顷施纯氮180 kg、P2O5120 kg、K2O 120 kg)和氮肥7∶3、6∶4、5∶3∶2、10∶0四种基追比例(一次追氮在拔节期进行,两次追氮分别在拔节期与孕穗期进行)条件下,研究了施肥量和氮肥基追比例对西农979产量和品质的影响。结果表明,高肥处理产量比中肥处理产量提高9.66%;无论在中肥或高肥条件下,籽粒产量均随氮肥追施比例的增加而提高。施肥量和氮肥基追比例对千粒重的影响较小,对穗粒数的影响居中,对群体穗数的调控作用较大。氮肥基追并施可显著提高成穗率。随施肥量的提高和氮肥追施比例的加大,群体穗数逐渐增加,籽粒蛋白质含量和湿面筋含量也有逐渐提高的趋势,但蛋白质含量增幅小,湿面筋含量增幅大。高施肥量下,氮肥基追比例5∶3∶2,西农979的籽粒产量、蛋白质含量和湿面筋含量最高,分别达到8 573.5 kg.hm-2、14.97%和32.12%。

In order to explore the optimal regime of nitrogen fertilizer application for high grain yield and quality of winter wheat Xinong 979 production,a field experiment on different rate and ratio of base and topdressing of nitrogen fertilizer at different growth periods of winter wheat was conducted.The field experiment with four replications for each treatment was designed in a split-plot.The plot was applied with either high-level fertilizer(pure nitrogen 270 kg·hm-2,P2O5 225 kg·hm-2,K2O 120 kg·hm-2) or mediu...