戴震对知识与道德关系的新诠释

Dai Zhen's New Explanation about the Relation Between Knowledge and Morality

知识与道德的关系问题向来是儒学的主题之一。在原始儒家那里,二者的关系主要表现为知识如何服务于道德,知识本身并不具有独立的意义。在理学中,道问学总是服务于尊德性这一目标。由于脱离了知识从而失去了真理的内容,道德很容易降低为个人的意见。戴震认为,道德必须在认识论中才能取得它的可靠性和合法地位,否则必然导致独断论,还可能被权势利用,成为杀人的借口。他以道德知识化、知识道德化作为解决问题的方式,力图在此基础上实现仁与智的统一。

The relation between knowledge and morality is one of the Confucianism s topics.Knowledge was placed under morality in some way in the traditional Confucianism,only the tool value of knowledge was affirmed.In Neo-Confucianism,morality separated itself from knowledge,so it lost the truth,finally it was exploited by power and became the excuse of murder.Dai Zhen did a thorough exposition about "knowledge and morality".He affirmed the inherent value of knowledge and thought the establishment of moral depends o...