微波技术提取海带叶绿素及其铜钠盐的制备

Microwave extraction of chlorophyll from kelp and its sodium copper chlorophyll preparation

叶绿素是一种天然的、安全、无毒并具有一定生理功能的脂溶性天然色素,而叶绿素铜钠盐是由叶绿素经化学处理转变而来的。叶绿素铜钠盐具有色泽亮丽、性质稳定、使用安全等特点。本试验以海带为原料,以95%乙醇为浸提溶剂,采用微波技术提取海带中的叶绿素。以海带与浸提溶剂的料液比、微波作用时间、温度、微波功率作为影响因素进行单因素试验,通过分析确定了单因素的最佳实验条件。采用正交实验设计,优化海带叶绿素的提取条件,并将叶绿素提取液浓缩,皂化铜代,与碱反应成盐,干燥,制备叶绿素铜钠。结果表明,温度是影响提取效果的重要因素,其次为微波作用时间,而微波功率为不重要因素,最佳提取工艺参数为:海带与浸提溶剂的料液比为1g∶2OmL,微波作用时间6min,微波功率300w,温度60℃。该方法与传统加热提取方法相比,具有高效、快速、节约能源等优点。由叶绿素提取液制备叶绿素铜钠,得率为4.53%。

Chlorophyll is a natural ,safe and nontoxic lipochrome with physiological functions. Sodium copper chlorophyllin is converted from chlorophyll by certain chemical treatment. In this study,kelp was used as raw material and 95% alcohol was used as extraction solvent and microwave extraction was applied. Some parameters like materials liquid ratio (kelp and alcohol),microwave treatment time,temperature and microwave power were considered for single factor experiment and the optimal extracting conditions were confirmed.Then an orthogonal experiment was carried out to further determine the optimum mixed extraction conditions. Finally,chlorophyll extract was concentrated,saponified with alkali sodium,substituted with copper and then dried into sodium copper chlorophyll. The result showed that temperature was the most important factor,followed by microwave treatment time. The effect of microwave power was not so significant. The optimal extraction parameters were: Microwave treatment time 6 mins,microwave power 300W,and temperature 60℃. Compared with the traditional heating extraction,microwave extraction is more effective,time and energy saving. The yield of sodium copper chlorophyll from chlorophyll extract was 4.53%.