菰黑粉菌孢子萌发过程形态学观察及系统发育研究

Morphological observation and phylogenetic analysis of Ustilago esculenta

通过显微观察法研究菰黑粉菌厚垣孢子在28℃、PDA液体培养基中静止萌发各时期的菌体形态,克隆了菰黑粉菌18S rDNA序列并测序,结合已有ITS-5.8S rDNA序列和18S rDNA序列分析其系统发育地位.结果表明,从厚垣孢子到形成稳定的担孢子需要62~72 h,经历厚垣孢子萌发、芽管形成、先菌丝形成、担孢子和小孢子等几个阶段,在体外培养时多以棒状担孢子形态存在,培养30 d后,在培养基表面或边缘形成白色丝状菌丝;系统发育分析结果显示菰黑粉菌与Ustilago属和Sporisorium属亲缘关系较近,与黑粉菌属中的Ustilago triodiae亲缘关系最近.

In order to understand the biological characteristics of Ustilago esculenta,the germination processes of chlamydospores of U.esculenta were observed by optional microscope.The evolutionary relationship between U.esculenta and other strains from different genera in Ustilaginaceae were analyzed by 18S rDNA and ITS-5.8S rDNA sequence.It showed that 62 hours to 72 hours were needed for basidiophor formation in PDA liquid medium at 28 ℃.The growth periods were found as follows: teliospore germinating,tube germin...