唐代商人入仕途径考析

Approaches to Transfer to the Official Career of Businessmen in the Tang Dynasty

唐代商人入仕与前代相比较不仅数量增多,而且入仕多门。唐前期商人入仕途径主要有捐献财物、出任"斜封官"、以捉钱令史入仕、告密及受人提携而入仕;唐后期商人则可以通过"私觌官"制、朝廷卖官令、军功、科举、方镇辟署以及贿赂等手段跻身仕途。唐代商人入仕途径的演变既反映了唐代政治经济形势的变化,又彰显了他们不同于其他阶层的入仕特色。

More businessmen entered the official career and their ways increased in number in the Tang Dynasty in contrast to the previous dynasties.Their ways of entering the official career mainly included contributing money,assuming the office of Xie-feng and Zhuo-qian-ling-shi,informing against somebody and being protégés in the earlier Tang Dynasty.But the businessmen of the later Tang Dynasty could get the official ranks by the system of meeting each other privately,the government decrees of selling officials,mi...