大坝数字监控的作用和设想

Dam monitoring by combination of numerical simulation and instrumental observation

建议把数字仿真与仪器观测联合起来,以创建安全监控新平台——混凝土坝数字监控。传统的大坝安全监控依靠人工巡视和仪器观测,但混凝土坝应力场十分复杂,仪器观测实际不能给出混凝土的应力场和安全系数。在人工巡视和仪器监控之外,增加数字监控,利用反分析和全坝全过程仿真分析,施工期可给出当时温度场和应力场,并可预报以后的温度场和应力场,如发现问题可及时采取对策,运行期可充分反映施工过程及运行中各项因素的影响,对大坝进行比较符合实际的安全评估,通过反分析,仪器观测资料在数字监控中也得到了充分利用。在目前的条件下,利用一台微机每周上机一次即可完成全部计算,运用方便,所费不多,效益显著。

At present,the concrete dams are monitored by instruments.The results of instrumental observations are important for monitoring of concrete dams but they can not give the stress field and coefficients of dam safety.Besides the instrumental monitor-ing,it is suggested to conduct the numerical monitoring of concrete dams.The whole dam and whole course 3D finite element sim-ulation computations are carried out from the beginning of construction to dam operation.During construction,the temperature field and str...