沙特阿拉伯王国的大国外交战略

Kingdom of Saudi Arabia's Diplomacy Strategy towards Big Powers

沙特王国自建国伊始,为了寻求和维护自身安全,在不同的历史时期,对英、美、中、俄等大国采取了一种与之交好的务实态度。沙特石油的发现和大量开采带来的财富剧增、沙特的特殊宗教地位、哈里发制度的废除和埃及纳塞尔主义的失败,确保了沙特的伊斯兰世界大国和盟主地位。沙特面对海湾这个中东地区的次地区安全复合体中的两伊威胁,联合小国组成海合会,以在海湾次地区形成力量平衡,达到某种程度的均势局面,维护自身的次地区大国地位。沙特在这三个层次分别采用了自由主义、建构主义和现实主义为基础的外交理念,这与其涵盖君主制与瓦哈比主义的国家核心信念、优越的宗教使命感和实用的灵活性行动原则的政治文化不无关系。

Since the beginning of its establishment,Kingdom of Saudi Arabia,in order to seek and maintain their own safety,has adopted a pragmatic approach towards the United Kingdom,the United States,China,Russia and other major powers in different historical periods.The discovery of oil in Saudi Arabia and a large amount of wealth brought about by increased exploitation,Saudi Arabia s special religious status,the abolition of the Caliphate system and the failure of Egypt s Nasser have established Saudi Arabia the Is...