“功名”戏里流转出的元代文人心态

Literati's Mentality in Creating Dramas with "Passing the Examination" Plots in Yuan Dynasty

科举取士作为一种选拔官员的制度,在中国实行了1300多年,获取"功名"为天子所用成为文人自身存在的价值和形式。读书——科举——入仕,齐家治国平天下,是文人深入骨髓的不变的"心结"。然而,在1300年的约二分之一处,科举中断长达79年之久。元代文人们在没有科举的年代里却写下了不少有"金榜题名"情节的杂剧,映射出那个时代特殊情境下文人特有的文化心态。

As a mechanism to choose officials,the imperial examination system was implemented in China for more than 1300 years while the "official and scholarly honor" after passing the examination and working for the emperor became the inner value for literati to continue life in the country.To obtain government positions after reading and joining the examination was a constant goal for scholars since they believe in the morality of regulating families,administering a country,and unifying the whole world.However,dur...