矿冶区重金属污染土壤肥力特征及生态修复潜力分析

Fertility Characteristics and Ecological Restoration Potential Analysis for Metal Contaminated Soils from Vicinity of Typical Mining and Smelting Areas in Hunan Province

通过对湖南长沙、株洲、衡阳和郴州地区典型矿冶区周边64个土壤样品的调查分析,结果表明,与我国《土壤环境质量标准》(GB15618-1995)III级标准(pH6.5～7.5)比较,典型矿冶区周边土壤中As、Cd、Pb和Zn含量的超标率分别为75.8%、75.8%、66.1%和71.0%,表现为多重金属污染。废弃地土壤中As、Cd、Cr、Cu、Pb和Zn含量显著高于菜地和水稻土壤中相应元素含量。典型矿冶区周边土壤整体呈酸性,质地较粘。土壤中有机质、碱解N、速效P、有效K含量范围分别为0.18～143g/kg、14.7～372、7.82～202、0.00～782mg/kg,其平均含量达到II级标准值的样品数分别占总样品数的93.7%、95.4%、100%和89.1%。土壤质地和肥力特征表明,典型矿冶区周边重金属污染土壤基本肥力总体水平较好,可以顺利开展其生态修复。

64 soil samples from vicinity of typical non-ferrous mining and smelting areas located in Changsha,Zhuzhou,Hengyang and Chenzhou,Hunan Province were studied.According to Grade III of pH 6.5～7.5 in GB15618-1995 Soil Environmental Quality Standard of China,results showed that over-limited percentages of As,Cd,Pb and Zn in soils are about 75.8%,75.8%,66.1% and 71.0% respectively,which show multi-metal pollution in soils.Concentrations of As,Cd,Cr,Cu,Pb and Zn in wasteland are significantly higher than those in...