论黑社会(性质)组织的特征与形态

On the Features and Forms of Underground Forces with Feature of Criminal Syndicate

我国《刑法》第 2 94条规定了“黑社会性质的组织”的概念 ,在 2 0 0 0年的相关司法解释中又概括了黑社会性质组织的特征 (“四特征说”) ,但对这个概念学界始终有较大的争议。一是因为国际上没有“黑社会组织”这一称谓 ,通用的是“有组织犯罪集团” ;二是由于这一提法引起了我国内地究竟有没有“黑社会组织”的疑问。黑社会性质组织与黑社会组织到底是什么关系 ,有何区别 ,在法律上怎样表述更为确切 ,文章从研究黑社会 (性质 )组织的特征与形态入手 。

The 294th article of Chinese criminal law sets the conception of underground forces with feature of criminal syndicate.The related judicial interpretation in 2000 summarizes the features of it again (the theory of four features).However there's great disagreement in academic circles on conception.The first reason is that there is not a title of Black Hand in the world.The title of organized criminal group is in common use. The second,this wording raises a question that whether there is Black Hand in inland on earth or not.What's the relationship between underground forces with feature of criminal syndicate and Black Hand.What's the difference between them?How to demonstrate them more exactly in the law?The essay puts forward some views to the above questions through studying the features and forms of underground forces with feature of criminal syndicate.