论中国农民的特质——兼谈党和国家对9亿农民政策调整的问题

On the Specialities of Chinese Peasants——And the Party and the Country's Policy Adjustment for the 900 Million Peasants

应该用马克思主义的唯物史观,正确认识中国农民的特质。中国历代农民都具有较强的可塑性,这可以看成是他们的特质。在中国历史上,传统的农民表现出积极主动的适应能力,近代的农民更表现出适应当时的特殊社会环境的顽强生存能力,当代的农民则表现出顺应社会主义市场经济发展的自主创新能力。我们认真总结和汲取中国历史上的经验和教训,党和国家对9亿农民的农村改革政策应该是疏导而不是强制。今后一定要从有利于农民的自身解放和自由发展出发,给农民“正名”,让他们享有平等的“国民待遇”;给农民“松绑”,让他们自主地创造美好的小康生活;给农民“援助”,让他们尽快跟上现代化发展的时代步伐。

The specialities of Chinese peasants can be acknowledged based on Marxist materialist conception of history. The relatively strong plasticity of Chinese peasants for generations can be regarded as their unique characteristics. In Chinese history, the traditional peasants demonstrated positive adaptive capacity while the modem ones showed their tenacious abilities for survival to meet the special social circumstances. The contemporary peasants have displayed their autonomous innovative abilities to comply with socialist market economic development. On account of the summarization and lessons drawn in China's history, the Party and the country's policy towards the 900 million peasants is to dredge rather than compel. For the sake of peasants' liberation and freedom, let them enjoy equal notional treatment by rectifying their name; let them beautify their well-off life by lightening restrictions; let them catch up with the times of modernization development as soon as possible.