中国古代早期诗歌创作中借景抒情手法形成的三个阶段

Three Stages of Using Scenes to Express One’s Emotions in Early Poem-Writing in Ancient China

借景抒情是中国古典诗歌常用的手法 ,只有情与景这两种要素和谐搭配 ,对应适宜 ,才能形成情景交融的艺术效果。而情与景的对应关系 ,一直到战国后期和汉代才逐步稳固地建立起来 ,形成了中国古典诗歌特有的抒情模式。而这样的对应关系 ,是经过了“宗教性景物与特定情感对应的时代”、“无固定对应模式时代”和“共同心理感受支配下的景物与特定的文人情感对应的时代”这三个不同的发展阶段发展起来的 ,从这个过程可以看到中国古典诗歌的借景抒情艺术是如何一步一步地走向成熟的。

Using scenes to express one’s emotions is a commonly-used method in Chinese classical poems. If scenes and emotions are used in harmony and correspondence, wonderful artistic effect will be created. Such poems didn’t come into being until the late period of the Warring States(475---221BC) and Han Dynasty, and thus formed the model of Chinese classical poems with special characteristics of expressing emotions. However, the corresponding relationship of scenes and emotions developed through three different stages —— age of correspondence of religious scenes and particular emotions; age of individual life; age of correspondence of psychologically common-controlled scenes and emotions of scholars. How the writing method of using scenes to express one’s emotions in Chinese classical poems became more and more mature can be seen in the process in which they developed.