试论审前程序主体在侦查阶段之关系

A Theoretical Analysis of the Relationship of Subjects in Pre-Trial Stage during Investigation

审前程序犹如刑事诉讼整个大厦的地基 ,如果没有科学的、合理性的建构 ,之后的诉讼程序将难以为继。本文通过采用结构主义理论和比较研究的方法 ,就刑事审判前程序中的几个重要问题作了阐发和论证。总的目标是在侦查程序中构建中立司法机构的审查和控制机制 ,建立“程序性裁判”制度 ,使侦查程序中涉及限制人身权利和自由的行为纳入司法审查和诉讼的轨道 ,在惩罚犯罪和保护人权之间找到一个合乎理性的平衡点。

Pre-trial stage is just like the foundation of the whole criminal procedure. If it is not constructed scientifically and reasonably , it will be hard to continue the following procedures. By adopting structuralism and comparative approaches, this article illustrates and expounds several essential issues regarding the pre-trial procedures in criminal cases. The overall goal is to establish a judicial-organization-neutral review and control mechanism in investigative procedures; to bring to the orbit of judicial review and litigation the behaviors involved in restricting human rights and freedom in investigative procedures and find a rational poising point between punishing crimes and safeguarding human rights through establishing the system of “procedural adjudication”.