价格波动中的理性与非理性问题

Rationality and Irrationality in the Price Fluctuation

在一般均衡对价格分析中,个体理性得以充分肯定,无论是个人物质利益最大化还是个人效用最大化;从心理预期对均衡价格体系的失衡影响,到理性预期对价格体系均衡的动态恢复,个人理性代替了国家理性;从新制度经济学对人的有限理性的制约,到行为经济学对人的非理性的认可,经济主体的理性对价格的影响不再是唯一的了。

Individual rationality for the classic price analysis in general equilibrium was affirmed, whatever the rationality is maximization of individual substance interest or maximization of individual utility. From the equilibrium demolishment by mental expectation to the equilibrium restoration by rationality expectation, country's rationality has been substituted for individual rationality. From restriction for individual limited rationality in the New Institution Economics to the affirmation for individual irrationality in the Behavior Economics, rationality is not only one factor to affect the pricing system.