晋永嘉乱后南迁流民地域选择述论

Regional Selection of the southward Immigrants after Yongjia Turmoil

晋永嘉之乱导致中原人口大量南移。移民的最终定居地 ,有着地域选择的鲜明特点。移民一般选择政治上较为稳定 ,社会、自然地理条件类似甚或优于迁出地的地带居住。移民迁入地接纳移民越多 ,这种倾向越明显。京口、晋陵一带有着与黄河流域相似的自然地理条件 ,复因政治上的种种便利 ,遂成为南迁移民的主要聚居地之一。移民地域选择完成后 ,封建国家面临诸如安置流民、处理土客关系等新问题 ,其诸种政策对此有所反映。

Refugees in North China were forced to migrate by brutal wars to South China during Yongjia period of Jin Dynasty.Their final settlements were characterized by regional selections.Immigrants often selected the places which were stable in politics and better( or similar) in social and geographic environment than their native places.The more immigrants settled down,the more obvious the tendency was.The geographic environment of Jingkou and Jinling was similar to that of the Yellow River valley,and with many political advantages,they became a major settlement for migrants.When the immigrants settled down,the feudal kingdom was confronted with problems of how to arrange for the immigrants,and how to deal with the relation between the native people and the new settlers.These problems found expressions in various policies.