农村生育行为的经济学解析

Economic Analysis on Birth of Countryside

生育行为是一种具有较强外部性的行为。传统的社会主义计划经济体制下的分配、劳动就业等制度安排，使家庭生育行为的成本和收益强烈扭曲，客观上成为多生多育行为的制度激励。社会主义市与经济体制的建立和完善，有效地破解了生育行为外部性内在化的难题，从制度层面上约束了人们多生多育的意愿，是实现个人理性与集体理性一致的制度保证。

Birth is very external. And in planned-economy period, the country's policies en- courage the public to have more than one child. But the development of Socialist Economy restrict people's ideas about birth. Therefore comes the concord of personal and public logos.