马克思社会形态划分理论的演变(上)

An Evolution of Karl Marx's Theory of the Division of the Social Formation

马克思社会形态划分理论经历着不断发展的演进过程。最初,马克思恩格斯把一切社会的历史都看作是阶级斗争的历史,由此提出“二形态”说,并在此基础上对阶级对抗的社会形态作了进一步的划分。后来,又提出了两种不同的“三形态”说,使社会形态划分理论逐渐成为科学。马克思没有明确提出“五形态”说,但在马克思社会形态理论中包含有“五形态”说的思想。

Marx's theory of the division of the social formation experienced a developing process. At the beginning, Marx and Angles regarded the human history as a history of class struggle, and according to which they put forward the theory of the bi-morphology and on this basis made a further division to the social formation of the class antagonism. And later, they put forward two different theories of tri-morphology which made the theory of division more scientific. In spite of that Karl Marx didn't advance it apparently, the theory of the quin-morphology was concluded in that of the division theory.