含钒钢渣资源特性及其提钒的研究进展

Resource Characteristics of Vanadium-Bearing Steel Slag and Progress in Extracting Vanadium from It

含钒钢渣产生于钒钛磁铁矿的炼钢过程,是重要的、很有利用价值的冶金二次资源,可作为提取V2O5的重要原料,但由于其钙、铁含量高,钒含量低,钒赋存状态复杂、弥散分布于多种矿物相中,使得其中的钒难以回收利用。在分析了含钒钢渣资源特性的基础上,从火法冶炼、湿法提钒、新技术等方面综合评述了含钒钢渣提钒的进展状况,其主要表现为:现有提钒工艺虽多,但很难适应含钒钢渣的资源特性,且普遍存在成本高、污染重、回收率低等诸多问题;而一些新兴技术如选择性析出、微生物浸出、矿浆电解等,用于含钒钢渣提钒的研究,虽然效果较好,但工艺尚不成熟,实际生产仍采用传统钠化焙烧工艺。最后,基于国内外现有研究,针对钢渣中钒的回收,就今后研究的重点和方向提出了相应的建议:加强选矿预处理、焙烧-浸出过程机制的研究,提高钒的总回收率;提高酸浸和溶剂萃取的选择性,实现含钒溶液的有效净化与回收;应加强新技术的开发与完善,这可从根本上解决现有提钒工艺污染重、利用率低的状况。

As one of the important and valuable metallurgical secondary resources,vanadium bearing steel slag produced in steelmaking process of V-Ti magnetite,could be used as the key raw materials for extracting V2O5.However,it was still very difficult to reclaim vanadium from vanadium bearing steel slag due to its high calcium,high iron,low content and complex occurrence of vanadium dispersed in a variety of mineral phase.Based on analyzing resource characteristics of vanadium bearing steel slag,progress of extract...