外出务工灾民的社会适应困境及介入策略

Social Adaptation Problem of Earthquake Victims Who Work Outside and Social Work Intervention Strategies

"5.12"汶川地震后,大批四川籍灾民外出打工谋生。笔者通过问卷调查、实地考察、深度访谈等方式,深入了解他们在打工地的社会适应状况。统计分析表明,外出务工灾民普遍存在经济、生活、心理等层面适应不足的状况。社会工作可以分别从微观、中观和宏观等层面,通过个案辅导、小组活动、社区动员、政策倡导等方式,帮助提升外出务工灾民的社会适应能力,促进灾后重建工作的顺利进行。

After Wenchuan earthquake, a large number of victims were forced to work outside. Through questionnaire survey, field trips, depth interviews, etc, the writer has investigated their social adaptation in the working places. Statistical analysis shows that they commonly face economic, social, and psychological adaptation problem. Social work can improve their adaptability through case work, group work, community mobilization, policy advocacy and so on from the micro, meso and macro dimensions.