普洱熟茶和生茶香气成分的提取和测定分析

Extraction and Analysis on the Aromatic Components of Pu-erh Ripe Tea and Raw Tea

以不同年份出品的普洱熟茶和生茶为研究对象,采用减压蒸馏萃取法(VDE),并用二氯甲烷和无水乙醚对各茶中香气成分进行提取,最后用GC-MS分析各年份茶中的香气成分。结果表明,不论是熟茶还是生茶,用二氯甲烷提取到的香气种类均要多于无水乙醚。从提取效果来看,二氯甲烷对碳氢化合物、杂氧化合物、含氮化合物、酮类香气物质的提取效果较好,而无水乙醚对酯类和酚类香气物质有较好的提取效果。熟茶在储存陈化过程中苯并噻唑和咖啡碱含量会增高,而邻苯二甲酸-异丁基-辛基酯和1,2,4-三甲氧基苯含量会降低。生茶在储存陈化过程中5-氨基-1-乙基吡唑、N-苯基-1-萘胺、1,2,3-三甲氧基苯和邻苯二甲酸-异丁基-辛基酯含量会增高,而(反式)角鲨烯、芳樟醇、β-异甲基紫罗兰酮和咖啡碱含量会降低。同时,熟茶中杂氧化合物类香气种类较多,主要有以1,2,3-三甲氧基苯为主的10种杂氧化合物。生茶中醇类香气物质则较熟茶丰富,主要有1-辛烯-3-醇、芳樟醇、2,6-二甲基环己醇、苯乙醇、雪松醇。

The aromatic components from Pu-erh ripe and raw tea which storaged for different years extracted by methylene chloride and ethyl ether through vacuum distillation extraction, and then investigated by GC-MS. It showed that the aromatic compounds extracted by methylene chloride were more than ethyl ether no matter they were ripe tea or raw tea. Those compounds including hydrocarbons, heterocyclic oxygen compounds, nitrogenous compounds, ketones were extracted more by methylene chloride than those extracted b...