黄河源区哈江盐池和苦海(豆错)的地球化学特征研究

Preliminary Investigation of Hajiang Salt Pond and Kuhai Lake in Yellow River Source Area

黄河源区位于青海省中南部,属青藏高原东北部,面积约2.28×104km2,平均海拔4 300~5 000 m。2009年5月对该区的哈江盐池与苦海进行了初步调查研究,对其中的固体和液体样品进行了化学组分,矿物组成及X射线能谱的分析与测试。通过对化学组分及水化学特征系数的研究,发现哈江盐池与苦海的阴离子以硫酸根和氯离子为主,而阳离子以钠和镁离子为主,它们的水化学类型均为硫酸镁亚型。哈江盐池具有较高的矿化度,是一个干盐湖,仅在多雨季节湖表有少量的卤水存在,而苦海仅是一个咸水湖。哈江盐池盐类沉积物以石盐为主,苦海底泥矿物成分为石英、绿泥石以及比较少见的单水方解石。单水方解石存在说明苦海盐度增加,湖水开始咸化,加之苦海的Mg/Ca摩尔比值增大,随后的咸水环境及低温为单水方解石的保存提供了较好的条件。

The Yellow River source region is located in the central and southern Qinghai province, and in the northeastern part of Qinghai-Tibet plateau with the area about 22 800 km2 and average elevation of 4 304~5 000 m.In May 2009,a preliminary investigation has been done for the solids and liquid samples from the Hajiang salt pond and Kuhai lake by hydrochemical composition, mineral composition and X-ray energy dispersive analysis.In these samples,sulfate and chloride are the main anions,and sodium and magnesium ...