从民族自觉意识看“淝水之战”性质问题

Determining the Nature of “the War Along the Feishui River”from the Angle of Nationality Consciousness

对淝水之战性质的认定，不能以前秦与东晋两个政权的社会生产力 发展水平来确定，不能说相对落后的前秦发动的是一场民族侵略战争。从当时各少数民族 来看，他们都以“中华一体”出发，否认了“内中华外夷狄”的大汉族主义观点，认为自己 也有权力统治中原，这正表现出他们的民族自觉意识已经大大提高，是历史的进步，而不是 历史的退步。从当时的统一来分析，东晋并没有能力统一全国，而北方少数民族政权则力图 统一中华。因此，从民族自觉意识着眼分析，前秦发动的淝水之战是一场统一全国的战争。

The nature of“the War along Feishui River”should not be deter mined by the degree of development of productivity of the two regimes of Former Qin and East Jin.One can't say that the war launched by the comparatively backwa rd Former Qin was a national aggressive war.At that time,the minority nationalit ies were for the viewpoint of “Zhonghua being a whole” and against Han nationa lity domination (the Han nationality being the center and the minorities outside rs).They thought they also had the right to rule the country,which showed their nationality consciousness.It was a historical progress rather than retrogress.At that time,the East Jin was not able to unify the whole country,while the northe rn minority regimes were trying hard to do so.Therefore,from such point of view, “the War along the Feishui River” launched by former Qin was a war of unificat ion.