合肥城市主要绿地类型小气候调节作用初析

Microclimatic Modification of Urban Green in Hefei City

城市植被作为城市生态系统的主要组成部分之一,能有效缓解城市热岛效应,改善环境。为探讨不同绿化类型生态效应的差异,以合肥市公共绿地中的林地和草地为研究对象,于2009年3~5月间利用电子温湿度计和电子照度计分别测定不同面积的森林和草地内温度、湿度、光照强度的变化。结果表明:不同规模的林地和草地降温增湿的效果随着林地和草地绿化面积的增大而增强,不同面积的林地和草地内湿度之间存在显著的差异性(p<0.05);相同面积的林地降温增湿效果随林分郁闭度的增大而增强,郁闭度分别为0.5、0.64、0.73的林地降温效果比非绿地高1.9%、2.2%和3.9%,增湿效果高12.3%、12.6%和14.7%;以非绿地为对照,相同面积的林地改善城市气候的效果明显高于草地;一天早、中、晚3个测定时段内林地的降温率比草地高2.34%、2.75%和5.03%,增湿率比草地高1.18%、2.41%、4.42%。

To be a major component of the urban ecosystem,urban green-land has a central role in improving and maintaining the urban ecosystem.Urban green-land can produce a good green effect.It also can alleviate the heat island effect which is produced in the modern city.In order to analyse the changes of temperature,humidity and light intensity of urban forests and grassland,five different green-lands were selected and measured by electronic temperature hygrometer and electronic illuminometer in the major public la...