昆虫对气味信息素的感受机制

Detection mechanisms of insects to odorants

昆虫触角拥有灵敏的嗅觉系统,用以感知环境中对其生存繁衍至关重要的气味信息。气味信息素经感受器上的小孔进入,与血淋巴内的气味结合蛋白结合后,导致其结构变化,从而完成信息素到受体的传递。由信息素受体组成的离子通道在与信息素结合后,可以直接或经由环核苷酸途径打开离子通道,引起昆虫神经冲动,从而传递气味信号。文章介绍了昆虫嗅觉感受器结构的构造特点,总结了气味信息素与气味结合蛋白的结合和释放机制,说明了神经电冲动的产生过程,概述了激活离子通道的整个过程,展望了信息素与离子通道作用机制研究在害虫防治和实践中的应用前景。

Insects possess fairly sophisticated olfactory system in their antennae to detect the odorants essential for their survival and reproduction.Odorant molecules penetrate into the sensilla of the antennae via pores on sensillum surface,bind with odorant-binding proteins in the lymph,and trigger the structural transformation of the odorant-binding protein to transport odorants to the receptors.The ion channel,composed of odorant receptors,can be directly opened by binding with the odorant molecules,or activate...