试论刑事证明责任之分配

On the Distribution of Criminal Burden of Proof

刑事证明责任之分配与犯罪成立之判断密切相关。两大法系国家在证明责任分配上均要求控方承担积极构成要件证明责任,而由被告人承担某些特殊事实的证明责任。我国刑事诉讼法中缺乏对刑事证明责任明确的规定,实践中,控方对犯罪成立几乎承担着全方位的证明责任。为平衡不同利益,对部分犯罪中的特殊事实实行证明责任倒置是合理且必须的。

The distribution of criminal burden of proof is closely related to the judgment of establishment of crime.Both the two legal system countries require the accuser to undertake the burden of proof and the accused to assume the burden of proof of some special facts.There is a deficiency of regulation on criminal burden of proof in our country s criminal procedural law.In practice,the accuser almost bears all the responsibility of the establishment of crime.To balance different interests,it s necessary to adopt...