灵芝三萜类成分与药理学研究进展

Advances of Researches on Triterpene Constituents and Pharmacology of Ganoderma lucidum

灵芝的化学成分有三萜类、多糖、生物碱、有机酸、核苷、氨基酸、酶类及微量元素等 ,其主要成分是三萜类化合物中的灵芝酸。由于灵芝化学成分的多样性 ,使灵芝具有较广泛的药理活性 ,主要包括抗肿瘤作用 ;调节免疫系统、心血管系统、神经系统、呼吸系统的作用 ;保肝、抗衰老、抗病毒、消炎抗菌、放射保护作用 ;清除氧自由基和抗氧化、致突变、活血化淤作用 ;对学习和增强记忆有良好的影响。

The chemical composition in Ganoderma lucidum comprises polysaccharide, organic acid, alkaloids, nuclesoide, amino acid, microelements and triterpene constituents, among which ganoderic acid of the triterpene constituents is the principal composition. The diversity of the chemical composition in Ganoderma lucidum makes it comparatively comprehensive in its pharmacological activity, which mainly contains actions such as inhibiting tumour, aging, and virus, modulating immune system, nervous system and respiratory system, protecting livers, eliminating inflammation, anti-racdioactivity, scavenging oxygen free radicals anti-oxidation, causing mutation, improving memory and so on. There are 55 products of Ganoderma lucidum in the present domestic market.