基于人机工程学的汽车式起重机操纵室视野研究

Study on the Eyeshot of Autocrane Control Room Based on Ergonomics

目的研究汽车式起重机操纵室的视野特性,让操作者更准确的观察目标物,从而使操作者减少视觉疲劳和提高作业精确度.方法通过对现有汽车式起重机经常起吊物尺寸和视距的测量,得到相关数据,运用视角的计算方法,结合人机工程学原理,推导出视角与视距和视角与目标物大小的关系.结果得到了常用5种类型的汽车式起重机在起吊不同大小目标物的视角区间.结论操作者观察起吊目标物的准确度与目标物的大小和眼点到目标物的距离有直接的关系,即影响视角的直接原因是目标物的大小和视距.视角越小视敏度越好,也就是辨别目标物的能力越强;视角越大视敏度则越不好,辨别目标物的能力相对减弱.

This paper studies the performance of the eyeshot in autocrane control room in order to make craneman to observe target more accurately,thus to reduce the visual fatigue of craneman and improve the operation accuracy.The relevant data are obtained by measuring the size of target that autocrane often lift and the visual distance.The relationship between visual angle and visual distance and target size is derived using the computational method of visual angle combined with ergonomics theory.The visual angle r...