覆膜红花单株种子产量相关性状的通径分析

Path-analysis of characters related to seed yield per plant in mulching safflower

以新红花1号、吉红1号等10个红花品种为材料,在地膜覆盖条件下进行单株种子产量相关性状通径分析。结果表明,10个相关性状对单株种子产量影响的顺序为:单株有效果球数>单株总粒数>每果球粒数>百粒重>一级分枝数>单株无效果球数>单株总叶片数>株高>主茎种子重量>二级分枝数。单株总粒数与单株有效果球数的互作效应对单株种子产量的影响在所有的性状互作中为最大,单株有效果球数、单株总粒数、每果球粒数及百粒重是影响红花单株种子产量的4个主要因素。所研究的10个农艺性状中,两两性状间的互作效应对红花单株种子产量的影响极大,在红花育种、地膜栽培时应注意考虑这些性状间的影响。单株种子产量高的株型特征为单株无效果球数少,一级分枝数多,单株有效果球数多,单株总粒数和每果球粒数多,百粒重大等。

Ten safflower varieties were used in this experiment, which were cultivated by mulch film, to conduct a path-analysis on some characters related to seed yield per plant. The results showed that the sequence of effect of ten relational characters to seed yield per plant was as follows: Effective cones number per plant > total grain number per plant > grain number per cone > 100-kernel grain weight > number of primary branches > ineffective cone number per plant > total leaves number per plant > plant height > seeds of main stem > number of secondary branches. The interactive effect of total grain number per plant and number of effective cones per plant to seed yield per plant took the primary place; effective cones number per plant, total grain number per plant, grain number per cone and 100-kernel grain weight were the major factors influencing seed yield per plant of safflower. Among the ten agricultural characters, the interactive effect of two characters to seed yield per plant of safflower was very great, which should be considered in safflower breeding and mulching cultivating. The plant type of higher seed yield per plant should have less ineffective cones number per plant, more number of primary branches and effective cones number per plant, more total grain number per plant and per cone, and higher 100-kernel grain weight.