以科学发展观研究新兴宗教

Study on New Religions with the Scientific Outlook on Development

19世纪末、特别是自进入20世纪以来涌现出一些不同于传统宗教的"新兴宗教"之涌现。这种异军突起的"新兴宗教"现象立意不同、形态各异、变化多样、影响复杂,为宗教研究者提供了一个重要且必要的全新研究课题。笔者认为,应以科学发展观为指导思想来研究新兴宗教,这主要表现为,第一,应该从社会、时代的发展来看"新兴宗教"的产生及其展示的"新"特色。第二,应该从人们精神生活的普遍性及其"神圣"或"神秘"表达的独特性来观察、区分不同宗教的共性和特性。第三,应该从人类丰富多元的精神及社会生活来看待"新兴宗教"反应、适应、回应这种生活的形式及效果,论及其张力与和谐、正面与负面、消极与积极。

The world has seen many 'new religions', in contrast to traditional ones, coming on the scene since the end of the 19th century and especially in the 20th. With their all different purposes, forms, changes and complex impacts, such a surprising surge of new religions have provided scholars with an entirely new research field which is both important and necessary. The author believes that study on new religions should be done with the scientific outlook on development, which is shown in three aspects. Firstly, it means that we should understand new religions and their originality from the perspective of development of society and history. Secondly, the universality of human spiritual life and particular expressions of 'holiness' and 'mystery' should be considered in our observation and analysis of the common themes and characteristics of various religions. Thirdly, we should take into account the richness of human spiritual and social life, in order to better understand how new religions react, adapt and respond to changing realities, the forms they take in this process and their effects, and thus to discuss their tensional and harmonious, positive and negative effects.