“有请”的语法化及“有”作为主观表达词缀的形成机制

The Grammaticalization of "Youqing(有请)" and the Formation Mechanism of the Subjective Expressive Affix "You(有)"

本文从共时与历时角度研究了"有请"类动词的语法化过程、动因及机制,系统地将词内成分"有"定性为主观表达词缀,揭示了它的形成机制与价值。文章认为"有请"是从成分共用结构词汇化来的,成熟于宋元;动因是高频使用及主观性,机制是分布环境的拓展、重新分析及重新理解。"有请"词汇化后,"有"仍在语法化。其存在义经历时发展而被遗忘,从而成为附着成分。基于"有"具有表客气的语法功能,人们又将其重新理解为主观词缀,"有请"也相应地由动宾结构被重新分析为派生结构。

The paper studies synchronically and diachronically the grammaticalization of'youqing(有请)',its motivation and mechanism.Meanwhile,'you(有)'in this word is determined as a subjective expressive affix,and its formation mechanism and value are also explored.