汉学与宋学:阮元《国史儒林传》考论

Han and Song Studies:A Case Study of Ruan Yuan’s BookNational History of Literati

《国史儒林传》是清代阮元为官方编撰的学术史著作,长期以来,一直作为江藩《汉学师承记》的陪衬而不被学术界重视,论者寥寥。然而该书作为系统总结清代前中期学术史变迁的首出作品,已逾越了官方著作与私家著作之间的鸿沟,是作者根据时代特定的学术文化需求所作出的新综合。它对于回应当时学术界汉宋对立的学术生态、消弥纯汉学化学术研究的极度泛化、重新确立嘉道以后新的学术导向、突破传统学术史叙述范式等方面都产生了正面而又持久的影响。尽管它未能厕身于清代学术畅销书之列,但仍在学术界引起持续的回声,具有不可忽视的学术价值和历史价值。

National History of Literati compiled officially by Ruan Yuan in the Qing Dynasty has long been considered as a foil of Sinological Pedigree of the Qing Dynasty by Jiang Fan. It was paid little attention. In fact, the book was the first one to summarize systematically the academic history before the mid-Qing Dynasty, which turned out to be a new integration in terms of the particular cultural demands, transcending the gap between official and private works. The opposition between the Han and Song studies had been long standing in the intellectual world. As a response, a new academic trend after the regime of Jia Qing and Dao Guang was established and broke through the traditional narrative paradigm. Nevertheless, National History of Literati, though unable to be one of the bestsellers of Qing studies, maintained a noted role in the academic history.