五星会聚与安史起兵的政治宣传——新发现燕《严复墓志》考释

Five Planets’ Convergence and Political Propaganda in An-shi Rebellion:A Study on Yan Fu Epitaph

最近发现的安禄山谋主严庄之父严复的墓志为我们研究安史之乱的政治背景提供了重要的新史料。安禄山利用天宝九载四星聚尾的天象异动作为其起兵的政治号召,选择以燕作为国号或许也与这一谶言有关。安禄山又利用五德终始理论,宣扬金土相代之说,建构其政权的政治合法性。根据墓志可以推断安庆绪在谋杀安禄山后,在近一年的时间内仍然尊其为太上皇,并沿用圣武的年号。墓志的作者赵骅是天宝间著名的文人,本文对他出仕安史伪官前后的经历进行了考证。

The newly discovered Yan Fu (father of An Lu-shan’s adviser Yan Zhuang) epitaph carries important historical records about the political background of An Lushan Rebellion. An Lu-shan took use of an unusual astronomical phenomenon when four Planets converged in Wei in 750 B.C. to propagate his rebel plans. Maybe it partly explains why he chose Yan as the name of new dynasty. An Lu-shan also tried to make people believe that Jin (Yan Dynasty) would replace Tu (Tang Dynasty) according to the Five Virtues circulation theory. By the study of Yan Fu epitaph, we could infer that when An Lu-shan was murdered by An Qing-xu, there was no news about his death in the following year, and An Qing-xu continued to use the old reign title of Shenwu. The epitaph’s author Zhao Hua is a famous writer in Tianbao period. This paper examines into his activities in An-shi rebellion.