创新、超越与局限——试论冯契的广义认识论

Creation,Transcendence and Limit: Review of Feng Qi's General Epistemology

冯契的广义认识论是在现代中国哲学与西方哲学交汇后产生的种种紧张背景下形成的,它试图通过结合形而上学与认识论克服科学主义和人文主义、实证主义和非理性主义、中国传统哲学和西方哲学、马克思主义和非马克思主义哲学之间的对立和紧张,"智慧"学说则是其结合形而上学与认识论的关键。但是,由于将智慧理解为认识和理论,而非实践,使得他的智慧概念缺乏价值判断的功能。他的智慧概念始终游离于具体生活实践之上,不是实践的智慧,而只是理论。冯契主张符合论真理观,但他用传统的"自证"方法来证明智慧之所得,这就使他的真理观陷入极大的困难。冯契虽然对金岳霖的认识论有若干修正,但他们共同的存在论立场使他无法克服金岳霖认识论内在的种种问题。

Feng Qi's general epistemology is a product of interaction between modern Chinese philosophy and Western philosophy.It tries to overcome the tensions between scientism and humanism,positivism and irrationalism,traditional Chinese philosophy and Western philosophy,Marxist and non-Marxist philosophy by combining metaphysics with epistemology.Feng's doctrine of wisdom is the joint of this combination.For Feng,wisdom is knowledge and theory instead of praxis,so that his concept of wisdom excludes function of value judgment.Feng insists on the coherence theory of truth,but he verifies what the wisdom gets with the traditional method of zi zheng(intuition),which makes his theory of truth untenable.Moreover,because of the common realist position of ontology Feng fails to overcome the difficulties of his teacher Jin Yue-lin's epistemology,though he makes some modifications to it.