上海城区60岁以上人群5年内COPD患病率变化及原因分析

Changes in prevalences of COPD within 5 years in people aged no less than 60 years in Shanghai urban area

目的探讨上海城区5年内60岁以上人群慢性阻塞性肺病(COPD)患病率的变化及原因。方法 2008—2009年对上海城区4个街道12个社区≥60岁的人群(n=767)进行流行病学调查,并与2003—2004年的资料(n=333)进行比较,包括COPD患病率、肺功能和高危因素。结果 2008—2009年收集的上海城区≥60岁人群共入选710人,COPD患病率为14.61%,较2003—2004年增加8.3%;除年龄外,在2008—2009年的流行病学调查中吸烟、儿童期肺部感染史及性别因素较明显。对非COPD人群和COPD患者肺功能随年龄下降的情况比较发现,两组FEV1与FVC均随年龄增长而下降,但FEV1和FVC随年龄下降的绝对值比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 2008—2009年上海城区≥60岁人群的COPD患病率较2003—2004年明显升高;吸烟、年龄、儿童期肺部感染史仍是COPD的主要危险因素;人口老龄化可能是COPD患病率升高的原因之一。

Objective To investigate the changes in prevalences of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD) in people aged no less than 60 years in Shanghai urban area,and explore the causes. Methods Epidemiological investigations of prevalences of COPD,lung function and high risk factors were conducted in 767 people aged no less than 60 years in 4 communities of Shanghai urban area between 2008 and 2009,and the data were compared with those obtain from 333 people between 2003 to 2004. Results The data of 710 people investigated between 2008 and 2009 were effective,with the overall prevalence of COPD being 14.61%,which was 8.3% higher than that obtained between 2003 and 2004.It was revealed by investigations between 2008 and 2009 that smoking,age,gender and childhood pulmonary infection were high risk factors of COPD.Both FEV1 and FVC decreased with age increase in people with COPD and those without COPD,and there was no significant difference in the absolute value of decrease with age increase between people with COPD and those without COPD(P>0.05). Conclusion The prevalence of COPD between 2008 and 2009 is significantly higher than that between 2003 and 2004 in people aged no less than 60 years in Shanghai urban area.Smoking,age and childhood pulmonary infection are the main risk factors of COPD.One of the reasons leading to the increase of prevalence of COPD may be the aging of population.