上海市崇明县离休干部慢性病现况调查

Investigation in prevalences of chronic diseases in retired cadres in Chongming County of Shanghai

目的对上海市崇明县离休干部常见的9种慢性病的患病状况进行调查分析。方法采用流行病学调查方法对现居该县的所有离休老干部(n=268)进行普查,全部病历资料来自该院的干部门诊、体检中心、干部病房及上门调查,疾病分类诊断参照国际疾病分类标准ICD-10。实查249人,应答率92.9%。回顾性分析被调查者慢性病的发病率和病种分布情况。结果慢性病的发病率为98.39%(245/249),单病种的发病率依次为冠心病73.1%、高血压病72.3%、脑卒中35.7%、慢性阻塞性肺病34.5%、胃炎和溃疡病33.7%、糖尿病28.1%、慢性肾脏病20.5%、老年性痴呆14.5%、恶性肿瘤14.1%。被调查者同时患3种以上疾病的比例为83.5%,患7种以上疾病的比例为9.1%;肿瘤的发病率高达14.1%。结论离休干部的疾病谱以心脑血管疾病为主,同时患有多种疾病是最重要的流行病学特征;老年人肿瘤的发病率较高不容忽视,应有针对性地采取预防、综合分析及兼顾治疗。

Objective To investigate the prevalences of 9 common chron ic diseases in ret ired cadres in Chongm ing County of Shangha.i Methods General epidemiological invest igat ion was conducted in a ll retired cadres (n = 268) living in Chongm ing County of Shangha,i and a ll datawere collected from the cadre clin ic, phys ical exam inat ion center and ward of cadres of Chongm ing Branch ofX inhua Hospital affiliated to Shangha i Jiaotong Univers ity School ofMedicine and on site investigation. The d iagnostic standard of classification of d iseases referred to the standards of InternationalClass ification of Diseases ICD 10. Two hundred and forty nine people were investigated actually, and the response rate was 92. 9%. The preva lences of chronic diseases and distribution of diseases in retired cadres were retrospect ively analysed. Results The preva lences of chronic diseases were 98. 39% ( 245/249), and the prevalences of coronary heart disease, hypertension, stroke, chron ic obstruct ive pulmonary disease, gastritis and gastric ulcer, diabetes me llitus, chronic k idney disease, dement ia and malignant tumorswere 73. 1%, 72. 3%, 35. 7%, 34. 5%, 33. 7%, 28. 1%, 20. 5%, 14. 5% and 14. 1%, respectively. The preva lence of having 3 diseases in the same cadrewas 83. 5%, that of having 7 d iseases in the same cadre was 9. 1%, and that of tumor was 14. 1%. Conclusion Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular d iseases dominate the disease spectrum of retired cadres. Various diseasesmay seize the same ret ired cadres at the same tmi e, which is the most mi portant epidem iological characteristics. The prevalence of tumors is higher in old people. Appropriate preventivemeasures should be taken, and proper treatment should be performed in the cadres.