超半球壳体多道次拉深旋压工艺研究

Research on Process of Multi-pass Draw-spinning of Hyper-hemispherical Shell

针对1060超半球壳体基于板坯多道次拉深旋压进行成形性分析,提出两模法和两轮法的旋压成形试验方案,并设计不同旋压试验方案的芯模和旋轮工装。通过MC2000型数控录返旋压机,分别采用R13、R20和R25、R8不同圆角半径的圆弧式旋轮对1060板坯进行两模法和两轮法的多道次拉深旋压成形试验。两模法旋压毛坯件的凸缘边减薄严重,成形效果差;两轮法旋压采用R25旋轮4道次快速进给,R8旋轮4道次中低速精整旋压的旋压工艺,其旋压件贴模度高,成形效果好。试验结果表明:两轮法旋压工艺能实现板坯经多道次拉深旋压成形为超半球壳体。通过降低芯模转速,调整进给比和降低道次减薄率,可以消除旋压成形过程中出现的反挤、波纹和起皮等缺陷。

The formability of aluminum hyper-hemispherical shell deformed from 1060 plates by multi-pass draw-spinning is analyzed.The testing scheme of two-mould and two-roller are proposed,and different mandrels and rollers are designed.Circle-arc rollers of different work-radius test two shaping schemes by MC2000 playback spinning machine.The figuration of two-mould blanks is bad and the thickness of flange is reduced greatly.The figuration of two-roller blanks and inner moulding surface are excellent by the spinning process that the four quick feeding processes of R25 roller and four low feeding processes of R8 roller.The test results show that the figuration of two-roller can shape hyper-hemispherical shell by multi-pass draw-spinning aluminum blanks.Backward extrusion,expansion scab scale and corrugation are controlled by the spinning process of reducing rotational speed of mould,decreasing thinning ratio of pass and adjusting feed rate.